A drug is prepared and found that when a certain quantity is inoculated into mice, 25% of the mice become infected. If 3 mice are inoculated independently, what are the probabilities that:
a. No mice become infected;
b. One mouse becomes infected;
c. Two mice become infected;
d. All three mice become infected?
Solution
Let $p$ be the probability that the mouse become infected. Given that $p=0.25$. And $n=3$ mice are inoculated independently . Thus $X$ denote the number of infected mice.
Here $X\sim B(3, 0.25)$.
The probability mass function of $X$ is
$$ \begin{aligned} P(X=x) &= \binom{3}{x} (0.25)^x (1-0.25)^{3-x},\\ &\quad x=0,1,\cdots, 3. \end{aligned} $$
a. The probability that no mice become infected is
$$ \begin{aligned} P(X= 0) &= \binom{3}{0}(0.25)^0(1-0.25)^{3}\\ & = 0.4219 \end{aligned} $$
b. The probability that 1 mouse become infected is
$$ \begin{aligned} P(X= 1) &= \binom{3}{1}(0.25)^1(1-0.25)^{2}\\ & = 0.4219 \end{aligned} $$
c. The probability that 2 mice become infected is
$$ \begin{aligned} P(X= 2) &= \binom{3}{2}(0.25)^2(1-0.25)^{1}\\ & = 0.1406 \end{aligned} $$
d. The probability that all 3 mice become infected is
$$ \begin{aligned} P(X= 3) &= \binom{3}{3}(0.25)^3(1-0.25)^{0}\\ & = 0.0156 \end{aligned} $$
Further Reading
- Statistics
- Descriptive Statistics
- Probability Theory
- Probability Distribution
- Hypothesis Testing
- Confidence interval
- Sample size determination
- Non-parametric Tests
- Correlation Regression
- Statistics Calculators
